sweep: No idea... my best guess this is the physical distance the wah pedal can travel?
is the tonal range of the potentiometer/inductor that creates the bandpass from high to low, some have a wider sweep, some not so wide... this goes back to the 60s when the brit/Italian vox wahs had a narrower sweep than the USA made Thomas organ Vox wahs that became the crybaby.... its really about this: the wah is a sweepable bandpass filter and the footpedal moves a potentiometer that controls the center frequency of that filter.
width of Q: No clue.
width of the bandpass filter kinda like the Q on a parametric EQ nly a wah is a bandpass and EQ is shelf and peak/notch filters, think 'resonance' on a synth filter..
depth: Again, no idea.
steepness of the filter, generally a bandpass with higher "Q" will need more gain to that narrow frequency range to avoid a noticeable volume drop
"tone suck": People keep saying wah pedals "suck" your tone... why is that?
all pedals that do not have true mechanical bypass or anything but a very good quality unity gain buffered bypass will eat your tone due to the disengaged circuit loading down your signal with capacitance and resistance.... there are scholarly tomes written on these subjects (well, scholarly by guitarist standards, we all know how dumb musicians are, or are we too dumb to know how dumb we are?), you can read them, you can get all punk rock, stop worrying about any of it and just turn up to 11... or stick with acoustic guitars, they're simpler
just think of this, everything between your guitar pickup and amplifier, even your cable, is taking something away from what the input of your amp can see (hear?) to shape and amplify....