start on the internet, there are good free articles online via the popular trade rags so check SoundOnSound, Mix, Attack, ComputerMusic, FutureMusic etc... there used to be a lot of introductoryinfo on all aspects of music creation.... reading interviews with established names is a good way to get ideas on how to adjust your working methods for this consult the songwriting trades, Attack Magazine and subscribe to Tape Op (www.tapeop.com - its free and amazing)
the handbook of acoustics is a great reference but also a ponderous, technical and very broad read that can be hard to apply for beginners but is worth having around
as a computer science major you may be up to reading about how the electronic aspect works in addition to the Newtonian physics covered by the handbook of acoustics.... there are a lot of cheap handbooks on analog music electronics specifically geared towards musicians, synthesists, guitarists ets (plugins are mainly modelled on earlier analog circuits at least loosely).... having a working idea of how all this music is translated to voltage and how each component contacting the signal changes it evne when set neutrally (there's a digital angle to this too with digital slew rates, nyquist filtering, latency and the accompanying phase shift across discrete portions f bandwidth) can really help you lock down what the source of unwanted artifacts may be or to find creative and musical ways to exploit singal degradation as a mix tool
there's also a field called psychoacoustics that most of us apply creatively to our recordings and mixes that exploits the ear's non-linear functionality and the human brain's subconscious interpretation of auditory cues in various frequencies to determine distance, direction etc
anyway, lots to learn even just from a recording/mixing angle.... its a relatively young artistic medium, recorded music, but the rate of scientific progress alone gives it a daunting history to absorb so get reading when you have free time
starting from the beginning.... don't hit record until you sit on the song for a few days... you might want to block out a few MIDI sketches for bass and percussion, just a rough guide to experiment over since you probably haven't developed your 'inner ear' to the point where ideas come into your head and you just execute them on an instrument or by programming them as a sequence.... just sit witht eh song and get next to it..... try keeping the melody and bassline and then experiment with different chords around them, try knocking it into a minor key and change one or 2 notes in the melody by a semi-tone or whole tone, then try putting those reharmonized variations together in new and exciting ways.... then try changing the cadence of the melody notes and see what you get over the same backing track..... if you can't imagine it, try it and ehar it and decide for yourself but take the music you are excited about and try to make it even more exciting (broadly, I know this is mellow stuff, but excitement comes in many forms)... also, try it at a bunch of different tempos, usually the only way to figure out an ideal tempo is to try it, its not an inner ear thing.... the correct tempo to highlight all of your musical dieas will be glaringly obvious and sometimes a single BPM or elss can make a huge difference in feel depending on how you are approaching your 8th notes (the ands between 1, 2 , 3, and 4 in common time which can lead or lag to the point where a shuffle can feel like its in 3/4 or 6/8 waltz meter - on that topic, not all the instruments have to respect he 8th notes the same, soemtiems they should lock and sometimes a real groove is generated by maybe bass pushing n the ANDS while the drums lag a little on some hihat whacks which can be funk,,,, or in the case of Indian classical you hear this in the polyrhythms between a great sitar player and the guy playing table etc)..... think about diatonic harmonies to a top melody instead of chords.... try doubling with dissimilar isntruments and also creating coutner melodies in a higher or lower register that highlight different aspects of your melodic statements
get excited, but not overexcited.... feel it out, then stop and analyze it so you know why its exciting you and you know what the weaknesses of that intuitive musical decision may be.... this is a weird mix of art, science, craft and instinct that you need to hone into good balance a little more each song