Buescher Band Instrument Company was a musical instrument manufacturer based in Elkhart, Indiana, founded in 1894 by Ferdinand August "Gus" Buescher, a former C.G. Conn foreman. Originally opened as the Buescher Manufacturing Company, it was reorganized and renamed the Buescher Band Instrument Company in 1904, narrowing its focus to band instruments. Though the company produced a range of brasses, it became best known for its saxophones, which competed directly with Conn and Martin throughout the early and mid twentieth century.

The brand's saxophones were defined by several distinctive innovations, including the snap-in pad system patented in 1921 and the screw-in gold-plated Norton springs introduced in late 1931. Flagship models included the True Tone series, the Aristocrat, and the Model 400 "Top Hat & Cane" introduced in 1940. Buescher horns were played by jazz figures such as Charlie Parker, a young Sonny Rollins, and Sigurd Rascher.

In 1926 Buescher was joined with the Elkhart Band Instrument Company, and the firm was acquired by H. & A. Selmer Company in 1963. After the acquisition Buescher became Selmer's primary supplier of student-grade saxophones, producing most of the instruments sold under Selmer's Bundy line. The Buescher brand was retired by Selmer in 1983.

Buescher has 2 products cataloged on Equipboard, including Alto Saxophones and Trumpets. Their gear is featured by 3 artists, with the strongest followings in Jazz, Rock, and Pop. Notable users include Sonny Rollins, Andy Shauf, and Chet Baker.